What is the future of photovoltaic panel recycling?

The global photovoltaic industry began large-scale commercialization around 2010. Solar photovoltaic panels typically have a lifespan of 25 to 30 years, meaning the first batch of large-scale installed panels will enter their retirement phase around 2030. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) predicts that global photovoltaic waste will reach millions of tons by 2030.

Photovoltaic panels contain a variety of recyclable materials, including aluminum, glass, silicon, silver, copper, and plastic. After processing in solar photovoltaic panel recycling equipment, the aluminum frames, glass, silicon powder, copper, and plastic can be separated, resulting in a recovery rate exceeding 95%-99%. The recycling price ranges from several hundred to over ten thousand yuan per ton, creating significant profits. The recycling process for used photovoltaic panels is as follows: First, the panels are pre-processed to remove accessories such as the frames and junction boxes. The panels are then fed into a crusher for shredding. The crushed particles are then screened through a vibrating screen to separate particles of varying sizes. Then, magnetic separation equipment is used to separate the ferromagnetic materials such as frame fragments, and then electrostatic separation and other methods are used to further separate the glass, silicon wafers, metals, etc.

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